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Exam topics · Tennessee

Agency relationships on the Tennessee real estate exam

Who you represent, what you owe them, and when the relationship legally begins. The single most-missed section on the state portion.

Why this section is hard

Agency questions are rarely about definitions. They give you a scenario, hide the moment the relationship formed, and then ask what duty applied at that moment. If you memorized the vocabulary but not the timing, you lose the point.

Client versus customer

A client has a written agency agreement and is owed the full set of fiduciary-style duties. A customer is anyone else in the transaction — you still owe them honesty, fair dealing, and disclosure of known adverse facts, but not loyalty or confidentiality.

  • Client: loyalty, obedience to lawful instructions, confidentiality, full disclosure, accounting, reasonable care.
  • Customer: honesty, fair dealing, disclosure of adverse facts, accounting for money held, reasonable skill.
  • Confidentiality survives the end of the relationship. Most other duties do not.

Designated agency

Tennessee licensees work under a designated agency model: the principal broker names an individual licensee to represent a client, and that designation — not the whole firm — carries the client duties. Another licensee in the same office can represent the other side without creating a firm-wide conflict.

Facilitators and transaction brokerage

When no agency agreement is written, a licensee is a facilitator assisting both parties without advocating for either. A facilitator can prepare documents and communicate offers, but cannot advise one side against the other's interest.

When disclosure has to happen

Written disclosure of the agency status is required before any confidential information is exchanged, and in every case before an offer is prepared. Exam questions almost always turn on this timing.

Traps that cost points

Treating a buyer you have shown houses to as your client.

No written agreement means no agency. Showing property does not create representation.

Assuming confidentiality ends at closing.

Confidential information stays confidential after the relationship ends, unless the client releases you or a court compels disclosure.

Believing a known material defect can be kept quiet for a client.

Loyalty never overrides the duty to disclose known adverse facts about the property to the other party.

Common questions

What is the difference between a client and a customer in Tennessee?

A client has a written agency agreement and is owed loyalty, confidentiality, obedience, disclosure, accounting, and reasonable care. A customer has no agency agreement and is owed honesty, fair dealing, disclosure of known adverse facts about the property, and reasonable skill.

What is designated agency?

The principal broker designates a specific licensee to represent a client. The client duties attach to that designated licensee rather than to everyone in the firm, so another licensee in the same office may represent the other party.

When must agency status be disclosed?

In writing, before any confidential information is exchanged and in all cases before an offer is prepared. Exam scenarios frequently hinge on whether disclosure came before or after information changed hands.

Practice it, don't reread it.

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